economic importance of coconut
[121][122], Both Malauhog and Malakanin coconut meat of immature fruits can be eaten as is or used in salads, drinks, desserts, and pastries such as buko pie and es kelapa muda. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore and Tirupur regions top the production list. Such an origin indicates that the coconuts were not introduced naturally, such as by sea currents. nana) varieties. Wild coconuts are naturally restricted to coastal areas in sandy, saline soils. Other aspects such as seed size, shape and weight, and copra thickness are also important factors in the selection of new cultivars. In Belize, coconuts are grown countrywide. Decayed roots are replaced regularly as the tree grows new ones. . Coconut is the most versatile tree in the world and is known as "the tree of life". Saturated fats can easily filter and re-circulate molecules to facilitate absorption by liver. Coconut is a plant-based source of saturated fat. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Coconut copra, used to make coconut oil, is prepared at the coconut farms, using very simple techniques and taken to large scale oil mills through a complex and speculative marketing system. When left to ferment on its own, it becomes palm wine. It also plays a central role in the Coconut Religion of Vietnam. In order to resolve this enigma, a 2014 study proposed that the ancestors of Cocos had likely originated on the Caribbean coast of what is now Colombia, and during the Eocene the ancestral Cocos performed a long-distance dispersal across the Atlantic Ocean to North Africa. [7] A frayed piece of root can also be used as a toothbrush. Do you know 80 million poor people depend directly on coconut for their livelihood in 90 countries? The boiled young seedlings of Borassus flabellifer palmyra palm are edible and its fruits are eaten raw. Ingredient Lists); Major Food Allergens (food source names and examples)", "How to Tell When Coconuts Are Ripe on the Tree", "When Are Coconuts Ripe: Do Coconuts Ripen After They Are Picked", "ICC Quality Standard: Desiccated Coconut", "Exporting desiccated coconuts to Europe", "Full Report (All Nutrients): 12117, Nuts, coconut milk, raw (liquid expressed from grated meat and water)", "Ginataang Manok (Chicken Stewed in Coconut Milk) Filipino Recipe! [154] Activated carbon manufactured from coconut shell is considered extremely effective for the removal of impurities. Since these fruits are likewise high in fat, they can help your body absorb fat-soluble nutrients, including vitamins A, D, E, and K. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. Plants are intolerant of cold weather and prefer copious precipitation, as well as full sunlight. One recently selected cultivar, the 'Maypan', has been bred for resistance to this disease. Historical Developments in Biological Control Recent Advances. The player buys some small balls which are then thrown as hard as possible at coconuts balanced on sticks. THE COCONUT INDUSTRY REVOLUTIONISES - Guyana Chronicle The decoration of foots is astringent and is used as mouth was and gargle. Because of their soft textures, they are unsuitable for grating. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. It enables toxins to be removed easily from harmful substances. Female flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, pistillate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Beneficial Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil on Lipid Parameters and in Vitro LDL Oxidation. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Coconuts are high in fiber, which helps bulk up your stool and supports bowel regularity, keeping your digestive system healthy ( 6 , 17 ). [citation needed], The two most common harvesting methods are the climbing method and the pole method. Nevin KG. The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. However, it is not native and displays a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect. [18][19][20] Consumers feel that fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the healthiest formats available for processed fruits and vegetables, which has allowed the fresh-cut category to prosper. [citation needed], Indonesia is the world's largest producer of coconuts, with gross production of 15million tonnes. She has worked in some of the worlds most prestigious kitchens, and has published several cookbooks that have become bestsellers. Immature coconuts produce a sloshing sound when shaken (the sharper the sound, the younger it is), while fully mature coconuts do not. The UAE has, however, imposed strict laws on mature coconut tree imports from other countries to reduce the spread of pests to other native palm trees, as the mixing of date and coconut trees poses a risk of cross-species palm pests, such as rhinoceros beetles and red palm weevils. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. [127][128][129] Desiccated coconut are used in confections and desserts such as macaroons. Beneficial Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil on Lipid Parameters and in Vitro LDL Oxidation. Request Answer. Studies have shown that coconut oil can help in significant reduction in belly fat. in semiotics from Brown University and completed coursework for an M.A. What's Funny About The Business Of Monkeys Picking Coconuts? The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, which is used in cooking and as a substitute for cows milk. 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. Sri Lanka established its Coconut Development Authority and Coconut Cultivation Board and Coconut Research Institute in the early British Ceylon period.[109]. Fruit growing, on the other hand, is perennial in nature, allowing the grower to remain engaged in farm operations throughout the year and to make full use of farm resources and assets, such as machinery, land, and water, for production purposes throughout the year. What is the economic importance of coconut? They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. [153], The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. "The truth behind the "widespread" practice of monkeys harvesting coconuts in Thailand impacting on consumers & retailers", "Focus: Thai coconut farmers reject monkey abuse charges, suffer lost income", "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it? 2,0004,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about 1cm (12in) large. He consulted the catalogue Herbarium Amboinense by Georg Eberhard Rumphius where Rumphius said that coccus was a homonym of coccum and coccus from Greek kokkos meaning "grain"[41] or "berry", but Romans identified coccus with "kermes insects"; Rumphius preferred the word cocus as a replacement. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". Samosir (eds.) Coconut plays a significant role in the agrarian economy of India. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. It has a crunchy watery texture and a slightly sweet taste. The various products of Coconut include tender Coconut water, copra, Coconut oil, raw Cocos-like fossils of fruits include "Cocos" intertrappeansis, "Cocos" pantii, and "Cocos" sahnii. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. However, the locations of the admixture events are limited to Madagascar and coastal east Africa, and exclude the Seychelles. The tender coconutis witnessing a surge in sales in the country. These two forms are referred to by the Samoan terms niu kafa for the elongated wild coconuts, and niu vai for the rounded domesticated Pacific coconuts. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. But we had laid about half among the special provisions below deck, with the waves washing around them. According to figures published in December 2009 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, it is the world's second largest producer of coconuts, producing 19,500,000 tonnes in 2009. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . Elvira Bowen is a food expert who has dedicated her life to understanding the science of cooking. Coconut requires low to no inputs within an existing land use area unchanged in 100 years. Coconuts were also later spread in historic times along the coasts of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans by South Asian, Arab, and European sailors. [185], This article is about the plant. [116], It is one of the most useful trees in the world.[16]. Coconut palms are hard to establish in dry climates, and cannot grow there without frequent irrigation; in drought conditions, the new leaves do not open well, and older leaves may become desiccated; fruit also tends to be shed. In foods, coconut is used in various preparations. [86][87][88][84], The pole method uses a long pole with a cutting device at the end. They are considered a rare delicacy, as harvesting the buds kills the palms. What Is The Importance Of Coconut? - Sweetish Hill It is also used as a natural moisturizer, especially for winter. It is still the largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 64% of the global production. Fruit farming has more economic advantages than vegetable farming. and early germination on the palm (vivipary) was important. [40], Carl Linnaeus first wanted to name the coconut genus Coccus from latinizing the Portuguese word coco, because he saw works of other botanists in middle of the 17th century use the name as well. For the ProRodeo Hall of Fame bucking horse, see, Geographical distributions of Indo-Atlantic and Pacific coconut subpopulations and their genetic composition (Gunn, Inferred historical introduction of coconuts from the original centers of diversity in the, "Grated coconut" redirects here. Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. What happens to your body if you drink coconut water everyday? One of their first uses of the coconut was to produce cooking oil. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. Later, the endosperm matures and deposits onto the coconut rind during the cellular phase. Future Fibres: Coir - Food and Agriculture Organization She earned her B.A. [112], In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). In the Philippines, the traditional tool is known as the halabas and is made from a long bamboo pole with a sickle-like blade mounted at the tip. Hawaiians hollowed the trunk to form drums, containers, or small canoes. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kannur under Kerala Agricultural University has developed an innovative extension approach called the compact area group approach to combat coconut mites. [25] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. [28] In west-central India, numerous fossils of Cocos-like fruits, leaves, and stems have been recovered from the Deccan Traps. Its meat is sweetened, cut into strands, and sold in glass jars as coconut strings, sometimes labeled as "coconut sport". Your energy will be boosted and the thyroid gland hormones production will be enhanced. After the first six to nine years, the coconut palm bears fruit, producing roughly 50 fruits per tree per year, up to 300. Coconut is an important food crop produced worldwide and is a palm family member. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37C (82 and 99F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 412C (3954F); they will survive brief drops to 0C (32F). They usually remain genetically isolated when introduced to new regions, making it possible to trace their origins. "Chapter 12 Coconut". Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. Mature Malakatad coconut meat has a tough texture and thus are processed before consumption or made into copra. Few plants are as versatile as the coconut. Perera, Champa K. Bandaranayake and Hugh C. Harries. of tender .coconut and is used as refreshing and agreeable drink and as a useful substitute for saline glucose in intravenous infusion. [70], Given that coconuts are ideally suited for inter-island group ocean dispersal, obviously some natural distribution did take place. ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. [118][119] Another method is to shake the coconut. They include morphotaxa like Palmoxylon sundaran, Palmoxylon insignae, and Palmocarpon cocoides. In Asia, coconut shells are also used as bowls and in the manufacture of various handicrafts, including buttons carved from dried shell. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. Global Coconut production yields 6 million tons in coconut oil equivalent annually and 70% is produced by Philippines, Indonesia and India, Coconut area as a % of viable arable and permanent cropland. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". [72] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. [147][148], Coconut vinegar, made from fermented coconut water or sap, is used extensively in Southeast Asian cuisine (notably the Philippines, where it is known as sukang tuba), as well as in some cuisines of India and Sri Lanka, especially Goan cuisine. All of these introductions are within the last few centuries, relatively recent in comparison to the spread of Pacific coconuts.[49]. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). They need annual rainfall of at least 120cm, temperatures from 70 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit and sandy, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. This basically turns the trunk of the tree into a ladder, though it reduces the value of coconut timber recovered from the trees and can be an entry point for infection. [112] Proteins from coconut may cause food allergy, including anaphylaxis. Flowering occurs continuously. : B.arenosella, B.atriloqua (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), B.mathesoni (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), and B. The meat can be eaten fresh from the coconut but the meat can also be used to make oil, milk, cream and desiccated coconut. The oil cakeis used to feed cattle.and poultry. The fruit may also be damaged by eriophyid coconut mites (Eriophyes guerreronis). [95], The practice of using macaques to harvest coconuts was exposed in Thailand by the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in 2019, resulting in calls for boycotts on coconut products. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. Dried half shells are used as the bodies of musical instruments, including the Chinese yehu and banhu, along with the Vietnamese n go and Arabo-Turkic rebab. Coconut The coconut has uses in jewelries, Happy Business India is leading exporters and suppliers of coconut from India to the global market with best quality which meets international standards. It contains less than 3% of the original moisture content of coconut meat. Copyright 2023 Cocoanesia. Coconut oil is also a main ingredient in Ayurvedic oils. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. Coconut is grown in more than20.88 lakhha in the country with an estimated22167.45 million nuts during 2015-16with an average productivity of10614 nuts per ha. [59], Coconuts today can be grouped into two highly genetically distinct subpopulations: the Indo-Atlantic group originating from southern India and nearby regions (including Sri Lanka, the Laccadives, and the Maldives); and the Pacific group originating from the region between maritime Southeast Asia and Melanesia. Coconut meat can also be cut into larger pieces or strips, dried, and salted to make "coconut chips" or "coco chips". [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. This ritual, known as niniyogan, is an offering made to the deceased and one's ancestors. Every part of the palm is usable for human needs -- food, shelter and fiber. Encyclopaedia Brittanica online. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. There are currently two major viewpoints on the origins of the genus Cocos, one in the Indo-Pacific, and another in South America. World Economic Importance | SpringerLink In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). coconut, edible fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). The coconut water strengthens your immune system and removes bacteria that cause urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, gum diseases and viruses which are causing cold, infection diseases and typhus. In the 18th century, Belize exported dried coconuts to Britain to produce food . It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. (2015), however, suggests that their diversity in New Zealand indicate that they evolved endemically, rather than being introduced to the islands by long-distance dispersal. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. He took the term from the Arabs, who called it jawz hind, translating to 'Indian nut'. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. Coconuts can contribute over $400bn to Nigerian economy annually - Official [164] The smell of coconuts comes from the 6-pentyloxan-2-one molecule, known as -decalactone in the food and fragrance industries. Sweet coconut sap can be made into drinks or fermented into palm wine or coconut vinegar. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. Gasa suggested, for lack of paper, delivering by dugout canoe a message inscribed on a husked coconut shell, reading Nauru Isl commander / native knows posit / he can pilot / 11 alive need small boat / Kennedy.[159] This coconut was later kept on the president's desk, and is now in the John F. Kennedy Library. While comparable to sports drinks, which can be loaded with added sugars and flavorings, coconut water is low in calories and carbs. This variety of oilseeds made up over 10 percent of the sector that year. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." [144], Coconut sap, usually extracted from cut inflorescence stalks is sweet when fresh and can be drunk as is such as in tuba fresca of Mexico (derived from the Philippine tub). (1995). in history at New Mexico State University. Therefore, heavy turf grass environments (beach resorts and golf courses) also pose a major threat to local coconut trees. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. [174], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. It can be used in liquid form as would other vegetable oils, or in solid form similar to butter or lard. Economic Importance of Coconut Oil | Bizfluent Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively.