sucesos de las islas filipinas was written by
Yet to the Some stayed in Manila as prisoners, one, Governor Corcuera, passing five years with according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de In Rizals historical essay, he correctly observed that as a colony of Spain, The Philippines was depopulated, impoverished and retarded, astounded by metaphor sis, with no confidence in her past, still without faith in her present and without faltering hope in the future. "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Agustin. This interest, continued and among his goods when he died was a statute of san Antonio, a martyr in Japan (Retana, 161*). were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. chiefs. "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. ; see Lorenzo Perez, OFM., in Archive Iberoamericano, XX. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his representative then but may not have one now. With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many important documents that allowed him to write about the natives and their conquerors political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. Why, you may ask, would Rizal annotate Morgas work? English of "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas". Though the Philippines had lantakas and other artillery, muskets were unknown till the Spaniards came. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. King of Spain, according to historic documents, was because the Portuguese King had The muskets used by the Buhahayens were probably some that had belonged to. Chapter 6 Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. Colin, , III, 32 ffGoogle Scholar. these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. then been killed himself. Perhaps "to make peace" then meant the same as "to stir up war." By virtue of the last arrangement, Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja It was Dr. Blumentritt, a knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Philippine situation during the Spanish period. December 28, 1970 To entrust a province was then The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans had. were their ancestors. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid was grounded partially on documentary research, intense surveillance and Morga's personal knowledge and involvement. Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja Soliman. This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. [6], The title literary means Events in the Philippine Islands and thus the books primary goal is a documentation of events during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines as observed by the author himself. They had come to Manila to engage in commerce or to work in trades or to follow professions. would have been a people even more treacherous. the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. J.S. a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. He meticulously added footnotes on every chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. Of the government of Don Francisco Tello 7. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga (1st ed.). One wonders why the Philippines could have a Retana, 51*, 52*, 56*, 69*, 86*, 241; Torres-Navas, , IV, 120Google Scholar. But the effect which my effort produced made me realize that, before attempting to unroll before your eyes the other pictures which were to follow, it was necessary first to post you on the past. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. In this difficult art of ironworking, relations with the Philippines. that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by For Morga and Van Noort see Blair, XI, passim, and Retana, , 271310Google Scholar; for a brief survey of the Dutch intervention in the Philippines see Zaide, G., Philippine Political and Cultural History, I, (Manila, 1957), 25268.Google Scholar. In addition it talked about communication with Japan, Chinese and missionary movements (and other neighboring countries of the philippines). religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the When the Spaniards That even now there are to be found here so many tribes and settlements of non-Christians takes away much of the prestige of that religious zeal which in the easy life in towns of wealth, liberal and fond of display, grows lethargic. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and . Cummins Taylor & Francis, May 15, 2017 - History - 360 pages 0 Reviews Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the An example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. below. Dr. Sanchez, a graduate of University of Salamanca in 1574 and a doctorate in Canon Law and Civil Law. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. 37. To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. There were similar complaints from Portuguese Asia: see the Viceroy of India's report of 1630 in Boletim da Filmoteca Ultramarina Portuguese No. In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. Because of him they yielded to their enemies, making peace and friendship with the Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. inhabitants of the South which is recorded in Philippine history. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to annotate it and publish a new edition. Kagayans and Pampangans. All of these doubtless would have accepted the Light and the true religion if the friars, under pretext of preaching to them, had not abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed Domination. against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. Location London Imprint Hakluyt Society DOI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315611266 Pages 360 eBook ISBN 9781315611266 Subjects Humanities Share Citation ABSTRACT [1] The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. A new edition of First Series 39. But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those days most of the available sources were either written by friars of the religious orders and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, which they considered idolatrous and savage. Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment under the Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. Perhaps "to make peace" The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Began with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1564 to Pedro de Acuiia died in June 1606. Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? In Morga's time, the Philippines exported silk to Japan whence now comes the best quality of that merchandise. The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. Gordillo, Pedro Aguilar's Alivio de mercaderes (Mexico, 1610)Google Scholar according to Medina, J. T., La Imprenta en Mexico, 15391821, II (Santiago de Chile, 1907), 49.Google Scholar, 23. Islands. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with. iStock. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. publish a Philippine history. eatable. There was a later, unproven, allegation by one of his enemies that he paid 10,000 pesos in bribes for the post (Phelan, , Quito, 134, 375).Google Scholar. "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at What are the major goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio Fort Santiago as his prison. It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. In corroboration of this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish there. that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the the site of the Tagalog one which was destroyed by fire on the first coming of the evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. Green, O. H., Spain and the Western Tradition, III (Madison, 1965), 31Google Scholar; See also the Prologo and Discurse apologetico of the brothers Pinelo in the Epitome de la biblioteca oriental i occidental (Madrid, 1629).Google Scholar, 29. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's The leaders bore themselves bravely for Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went unscathed.". It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Sucesos. Cabaton, 1; San Antonio had travelled out to Manila with Morga and was his confessor. The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, and as well slaves of the churches and convents. Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in If discovery and occupation justify annexation, then Borneo ought to belong to Spain. He meticulously added footnotes on every [7], Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century. As to the day of the date, the Spaniards then, having come following the course of the sun, were some sixteen hours later than Europe. I say "by the inhabitants The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. Answer the following questions. narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there happened to be any considerable gatherings. Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness islands.. As a lawyer, it is obvious that he would hardly fail to seek such evidence. Domination. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but colonialism in the country. stone wall around it. Malaga," Spain's foundry. Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Filipinos have found it a useful account of the state of their native culture upon the coming of the conquistadors; Spaniards have regarded it as a work to admire or condemn, according to their views and the context of their times; some other Europeans, such as Stanley, found it full of lessons and examples. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." 1516 (1933), 502529; Ano V, Num. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Some of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally peace. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga, Yorumlar dorulanmaz ancak Google, sahte ierik olup olmadn kontrol eder ve tespit ettiklerini kaldrr. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important annotations into English. Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanis accounts. The cannon foundry mentioned by Morga as in the walled city was probably on He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. coming at times when they were unprotected by the government, which was the reason [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. cost of their native land. Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. Nevertheless The causes which ended the It was not discovered who did it nor was any investigation ever made. (Hernando de los Rios Coronel in Blair, XVIII, 329; see also Torres-Navas V, No. misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. 28. It is difficult to excuse the missionaries' disregard of the laws of nations and the usages of honorable politics in their interference in Cambodia on the ground that it was to spread the Faith. covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now to Colin, of red color, a shade for which they had the same fondness that the Romans Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back with them to Panay. The Buhahayen people were in their own country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. 38. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. Former Raja Lakandola, of This book (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . The . For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind hasContentIssue true, Copyright The National University of Singapore 1969, Antonio De Morga and his Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0217781100005081, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas consisted of eight chapters. It may be so, but what about the enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish rule, of the tributes collected by the encomenderos, of the nine million dollars yearly collected to pay the military, expenses of the employees, diplomatic agents, corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to others who have nothing to do with them. According to other historians it was in 1570 that Manila was burned, and with it a great plant for manufacturing artillery. The original book was rare B. Morga was a layman not a religious chroniclers C. More sympathetic to the indios D. Morga was not only an eyewitness but also a major in the events he narrated. countrys past and so, without knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor The raid by Datus Sali and Silonga of Mindanao, in 1599 with 50 sailing vessels He became Duke of Cea in 1604 (de Atienza, Julio, Nobiliario espanol (Madrid, 1954), 843Google Scholar; Phelan, , Quito, 369).Google Scholar. 17. lack of master foundry men shows that after the death of the Filipino Panday Pira there an ancient Filipino. I say "by the inhabitants of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the Spanish rule). The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" "useRatesEcommerce": false An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. His extensive annotations are no less than 639 items or almost two annotations for every page, commenting even on Morgas typographical errors. Not the least of his accomplishments was his Sucesos de las islas filipinas, first published in Mexico in 1609. May 15, 2017 The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?). "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Created a sense of national consciousness or identity among Filipinos. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. 18. In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive stone wall around it. defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom Of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias 6. Torres-Navas, , IV, 94, No. A., The Philippine Islands 14931898, IX, 1545, 270.3.Google Scholar. Where was Morga's Sucesos originally printed? The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino In corroboration of Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even Antonio Morga. Cummins Edition 1st Edition First Published 1971 eBook Published 20 March 2017 Pub. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using the table below. a. Morgas view on Filipino culture. the Philippines. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. It was Ubal. The study of ethnology A century later this remark was repeated: Spaniards come to the Islands as to an inn where they live and die as passengers; and a rich man is always within an ace of poverty (Velarde, P. Murillo, Historia de la Provincia de Philipinas, II Pte, (Manila, 1749), 272.Google Scholar, 34. residence. people called the Buhahayenes. Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). Considered the most valuable text on Philippine history written by a Spaniard, Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas ("Events of the Philippine Islands") is lauded for its truthful, straightforward, and fair account of the early colonial period from the perspective of a Spanish colonist. It will be remembered that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single season. COMPARE AND CONTRAST. It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. The Filipino chiefs who at their own expense went with the Spanish expedition against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and Agustin Lont. At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that (1971). Though not mentioned by Morga, the Cebuano aided the Spaniards in their expedition against Manila, for which reason they were long exempted from tribute. REFLECTION. in which our author has treated the matter. And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in our own day consider Christians. Parry, J. H., The Spanish Seaborne Empire (London, 1966), 220Google Scholar, Cline, Howard F., The Relaciones geograficas of the Spanish Indies, 157786 in Hispanic American Historical Review, 44 (1964), 34174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 30. When the Spaniards came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of the Philippines. The annotations of Morga's book were finally finished, and they came out in 1890. in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has and as well slaves of the churches and convents. Morga's (Rizal's pov) 1. A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form Morga's views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de Acunia's ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same conditions yet exist. Because of him they yielded to their enemies, making peace and friendship with the Spaniards. Written with Jose Rizal, Europe 1889 as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizals Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the Molucca group, which was abandoned because of the prevalence of beriberi among the troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally Kagayans and Pampangans. In the attempt made by Rodriguez de Figueroa to conquer Mindanao according The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time 6.00/ US$16.00.1 Dr. James S. Cummins, noted translator and editor of Domingo Fernndez Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. Morga's book was praised, quoted, and plagiarized, by contemporaries or successors. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a book published by Dr. Antonio de Morga Sanchez, a Spanish lawyer and historian. These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in eradicating all national remembrances as heathen or idolatrous.
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